API

GCSFileSystem([project, access, token, …])	Connect to Google Cloud Storage.
GCSFileSystem.cat(path[, recursive, on_error])	Fetch (potentially multiple) paths’ contents
GCSFileSystem.du(path[, total, maxdepth])	Space used by files within a path
GCSFileSystem.exists(path, **kwargs)	Is there a file at the given path
GCSFileSystem.get(rpath, lpath[, recursive, …])	Copy file(s) to local.
GCSFileSystem.glob(path, **kwargs)	Find files by glob-matching.
GCSFileSystem.info(path, **kwargs)	Give details of entry at path
GCSFileSystem.ls(path[, detail])	List objects at path.
GCSFileSystem.mkdir(bucket[, acl, default_acl])	New bucket
GCSFileSystem.mv(path1, path2[, recursive, …])	Move file(s) from one location to another
GCSFileSystem.open(path[, mode, block_size, …])	Return a file-like object from the filesystem
GCSFileSystem.put(lpath, rpath[, recursive, …])	Copy file(s) from local.
GCSFileSystem.read_block(fn, offset, length)	Read a block of bytes from
GCSFileSystem.rm(path[, recursive, …])
GCSFileSystem.tail(path[, size])	Get the last size bytes from file
GCSFileSystem.touch(path[, truncate])	Create empty file, or update timestamp
GCSFileSystem.get_mapper(root[, check, create])	Create key/value store based on this file-system

GCSFile(gcsfs, path[, mode, block_size, …])	Attributes:
GCSFile.close()	Close file
GCSFile.flush([force])	Write buffered data to backend store.
GCSFile.info()	File information about this path
GCSFile.read([length])	Return data from cache, or fetch pieces as necessary
GCSFile.seek(loc[, whence])	Set current file location
GCSFile.tell()	Current file location
GCSFile.write(data)	Write data to buffer.

class gcsfs.core.GCSFileSystem(project='', access='full_control', token=None, block_size=None, consistency='none', cache_timeout=None, secure_serialize=True, check_connection=False, requests_timeout=None, requester_pays=False, asynchronous=False, session_kwargs=None, loop=None, timeout=None, endpoint_url=None, **kwargs)

Connect to Google Cloud Storage.

The following modes of authentication are supported:

• token=None, GCSFS will attempt to guess your credentials in the following order: gcloud CLI default, gcsfs cached token, google compute metadata service, anonymous.
• token='google_default', your default gcloud credentials will be used, which are typically established by doing gcloud login in a terminal.
• token=='cache', credentials from previously successful gcsfs authentication will be used (use this after “browser” auth succeeded)
• token='anon', no authentication is performed, and you can only access data which is accessible to allUsers (in this case, the project and access level parameters are meaningless)
• token='browser', you get an access code with which you can authenticate via a specially provided URL
• if token='cloud', we assume we are running within google compute or google container engine, and query the internal metadata directly for a token.
• you may supply a token generated by the [gcloud](https://cloud.google.com/sdk/docs/) utility; this is either a python dictionary, the name of a file containing the JSON returned by logging in with the gcloud CLI tool, or a Credentials object. gcloud typically stores its tokens in locations such as ~/.config/gcloud/application_default_credentials.json, `` ~/.config/gcloud/credentials``, or ~\AppData\Roaming\gcloud\credentials, etc.

Specific methods, (eg. ls, info, …) may return object details from GCS. These detailed listings include the [object resource](https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/json_api/v1/objects#resource)

GCS does not include “directory” objects but instead generates directories by splitting [object names](https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/key-terms). This means that, for example, a directory does not need to exist for an object to be created within it. Creating an object implicitly creates it’s parent directories, and removing all objects from a directory implicitly deletes the empty directory.

GCSFileSystem generates listing entries for these implied directories in listing apis with the object properties:

• “name” : string

  The “{bucket}/{name}” path of the dir, used in calls to GCSFileSystem or GCSFile.

• “bucket” : string

  The name of the bucket containing this object.

• “kind” : ‘storage#object’
• “size” : 0
• “storageClass” : ‘DIRECTORY’
• type: ‘directory’ (fsspec compat)

GCSFileSystem maintains a per-implied-directory cache of object listings and fulfills all object information and listing requests from cache. This implied, for example, that objects created via other processes will not be visible to the GCSFileSystem until the cache refreshed. Calls to GCSFileSystem.open and calls to GCSFile are not effected by this cache.

In the default case the cache is never expired. This may be controlled via the cache_timeout GCSFileSystem parameter or via explicit calls to GCSFileSystem.invalidate_cache.

Parameters:

project : string

project_id to work under. Note that this is not the same as, but often very similar to, the project name. This is required in order to list all the buckets you have access to within a project and to create/delete buckets, or update their access policies. If token='google_default', the value is overridden by the default, if token='anon', the value is ignored.

access : one of {‘read_only’, ‘read_write’, ‘full_control’}

Full control implies read/write as well as modifying metadata, e.g., access control.

token: None, dict or string

(see description of authentication methods, above)

consistency: ‘none’, ‘size’, ‘md5’

Check method when writing files. Can be overridden in open().

cache_timeout: float, seconds

Cache expiration time in seconds for object metadata cache. Set cache_timeout <= 0 for no caching, None for no cache expiration.

secure_serialize: bool (deprecated)

check_connection: bool

When token=None, gcsfs will attempt various methods of establishing credentials, falling back to anon. It is possible for a method to find credentials in the system that turn out not to be valid. Setting this parameter to True will ensure that an actual operation is attempted before deciding that credentials are valid.

requester_pays : bool, or str default False

Whether to use requester-pays requests. This will include your project ID project in requests as the userPorject, and you’ll be billed for accessing data from requester-pays buckets. Optionally, pass a project-id here as a string to use that as the userProject.

session_kwargs: dict

passed on to aiohttp.ClientSession; can contain, for example, proxy settings.

endpoin_url: str

If given, use this URL (format protocol://host:port , without any path part) for communication. If not given, defaults to the value of environment variable “STORAGE_EMULATOR_HOST”; if that is not set either, will use the standard Google endpoint.

Attributes:

base

buckets

Return list of available project buckets.

loop

on_google

project

session

transaction

A context within which files are committed together upon exit

Methods

cat(path[, recursive, on_error])	Fetch (potentially multiple) paths’ contents
cat_file(path[, start, end])	Get the content of a file
checksum(path)	Unique value for current version of file
clear_instance_cache()	Clear the cache of filesystem instances.
copy(path1, path2[, recursive, on_error])	Copy within two locations in the filesystem
cp(path1, path2, **kwargs)	Alias of AbstractFileSystem.copy.
created(path)	Return the created timestamp of a file as a datetime.datetime
current()	Return the most recently created FileSystem
delete(path[, recursive, maxdepth])	Alias of AbstractFileSystem.rm.
disk_usage(path[, total, maxdepth])	Alias of AbstractFileSystem.du.
download(rpath, lpath[, recursive])	Alias of AbstractFileSystem.get.
du(path[, total, maxdepth])	Space used by files within a path
end_transaction()	Finish write transaction, non-context version
exists(path, **kwargs)	Is there a file at the given path
expand_path(path[, recursive, maxdepth])	Turn one or more globs or directories into a list of all matching paths to files or directories.
find(path[, maxdepth, withdirs])	List all files below path.
from_json(blob)	Recreate a filesystem instance from JSON representation
get(rpath, lpath[, recursive, callback])	Copy file(s) to local.
get_file(rpath, lpath[, callback])	Copy single remote file to local
get_mapper(root[, check, create])	Create key/value store based on this file-system
getxattr(path, attr)	Get user-defined metadata attribute
glob(path, **kwargs)	Find files by glob-matching.
head(path[, size])	Get the first size bytes from file
info(path, **kwargs)	Give details of entry at path
invalidate_cache([path])	Invalidate listing cache for given path, it is reloaded on next use.
isdir(path)	Is this entry directory-like?
isfile(path)	Is this entry file-like?
lexists(path, **kwargs)	If there is a file at the given path (including broken links)
listdir(path[, detail])	Alias of AbstractFileSystem.ls.
ls(path[, detail])	List objects at path.
makedir(path[, create_parents])	Alias of AbstractFileSystem.mkdir.
makedirs(path[, exist_ok])	Recursively make directories
merge(path, paths[, acl])	Concatenate objects within a single bucket
mkdir(bucket[, acl, default_acl])	New bucket
mkdirs(path[, exist_ok])	Alias of AbstractFileSystem.makedirs.
modified(path)	Return the modified timestamp of a file as a datetime.datetime
move(path1, path2, **kwargs)	Alias of AbstractFileSystem.mv.
mv(path1, path2[, recursive, maxdepth])	Move file(s) from one location to another
open(path[, mode, block_size, …])	Return a file-like object from the filesystem
pipe(path[, value])	Put value into path
pipe_file(path, value, **kwargs)	Set the bytes of given file
put(lpath, rpath[, recursive, callback])	Copy file(s) from local.
put_file(lpath, rpath[, callback])	Copy single file to remote
read_block(fn, offset, length[, delimiter])	Read a block of bytes from
rename(path1, path2, **kwargs)	Alias of AbstractFileSystem.mv.
rm_file(path)	Delete a file
rmdir(bucket)	Delete an empty bucket
setxattrs(path[, content_type, …])	Set/delete/add writable metadata attributes
sign(path[, expiration])	Create a signed URL representing the given path.
size(path)	Size in bytes of file
sizes(paths)	Size in bytes of each file in a list of paths
split_path(path)	Normalise GCS path string into bucket and key.
start_transaction()	Begin write transaction for deferring files, non-context version
stat(path, **kwargs)	Alias of AbstractFileSystem.info.
tail(path[, size])	Get the last size bytes from file
to_json()	JSON representation of this filesystem instance
touch(path[, truncate])	Create empty file, or update timestamp
ukey(path)	Hash of file properties, to tell if it has changed
upload(lpath, rpath[, recursive])	Alias of AbstractFileSystem.put.
url(path)	Get HTTP URL of the given path
walk(path[, maxdepth])	Return all files belows path

call
cat_ranges
close_session
cp_file
make_bucket_requester_pays
rm

buckets

Return list of available project buckets.

getxattr(path, attr)

Get user-defined metadata attribute

invalidate_cache(path=None)

Invalidate listing cache for given path, it is reloaded on next use.

Parameters:

path: string or None

If None, clear all listings cached else listings at or under given path.

merge(path, paths, acl=None)

Concatenate objects within a single bucket

mkdir(bucket, acl='projectPrivate', default_acl='bucketOwnerFullControl')

New bucket

Parameters:

bucket: str

bucket name. If contains ‘/’ (i.e., looks like subdir), will have no effect because GCS doesn’t have real directories.

acl: string, one of bACLs

access for the bucket itself

default_acl: str, one of ACLs

default ACL for objects created in this bucket

rmdir(bucket)

Delete an empty bucket

Parameters:

bucket: str

bucket name. If contains ‘/’ (i.e., looks like subdir), will have no effect because GCS doesn’t have real directories.

setxattrs(path, content_type=None, content_encoding=None, fixed_key_metadata=None, **kwargs)

Set/delete/add writable metadata attributes

content_type: str

If not None, set the content-type to this value

content_encoding: str

This parameter is deprecated, you may use fixed_key_metadata instead. If not None, set the content-encoding. See https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/transcoding

fixed_key_metadata: dict

Google metadata, in key/value pairs, supported keys:

• cache_control
• content_disposition
• content_encoding
• content_language
• custom_time

More info: https://cloud.google.com/storage/docs/metadata#mutable

kw_args: key-value pairs like field=”value” or field=None

value must be string to add or modify, or None to delete

Returns:

Entire metadata after update (even if only path is passed)

sign(path, expiration=100, **kwargs)

Create a signed URL representing the given path.

Parameters:

path : str

The path on the filesystem

expiration : int

Number of seconds to enable the URL for

Returns:

URL : str

The signed URL

classmethod split_path(path)

Normalise GCS path string into bucket and key.

Parameters:

path : string

Input path, like gcs://mybucket/path/to/file. Path is of the form: ‘[gs|gcs://]bucket[/key]’

Returns:

(bucket, key) tuple

url(path)

Get HTTP URL of the given path

class gcsfs.core.GCSFile(gcsfs, path, mode='rb', block_size=5242880, autocommit=True, cache_type='readahead', cache_options=None, acl=None, consistency='md5', metadata=None, content_type=None, timeout=None, fixed_key_metadata=None, **kwargs)

Attributes:

closed

details

full_name

Methods

close()	Close file
commit()	If not auto-committing, finalize file
discard()	Cancel in-progress multi-upload
fileno(/)	Returns underlying file descriptor if one exists.
flush([force])	Write buffered data to backend store.
info()	File information about this path
isatty(/)	Return whether this is an ‘interactive’ stream.
read([length])	Return data from cache, or fetch pieces as necessary
readable()	Whether opened for reading
readinto(b)	mirrors builtin file’s readinto method
readline()	Read until first occurrence of newline character
readlines()	Return all data, split by the newline character
readuntil([char, blocks])	Return data between current position and first occurrence of char
seek(loc[, whence])	Set current file location
seekable()	Whether is seekable (only in read mode)
tell()	Current file location
truncate	Truncate file to size bytes.
url()	HTTP link to this file’s data
writable()	Whether opened for writing
write(data)	Write data to buffer.
writelines(lines, /)	Write a list of lines to stream.

readinto1

commit()

If not auto-committing, finalize file

discard()

Cancel in-progress multi-upload

Should only happen during discarding this write-mode file

info()

File information about this path

url()

HTTP link to this file’s data